Redis Performance

Bars show round medians; whiskers show minimum–maximum. Latency summaries are medians of the per-round percentiles.

Test environment

Item	Configuration
Measurement (UTC)	2026-10-15T13:29:26Z – 2026-10-15T13:34:33Z
Machine	Mac16,11 · Apple M4 Pro · arm64
CPU (physical / logical cores)	14 / 14
Memory	48 GiB
Operating system	macOS 27.0.1 (26A434)
Compiler	Apple Clang 21.0.0 (clang-2100.3.34.2)
Build	Release · -O3 -DNDEBUG · C++20
Server	Valkey 8.0.11 · RESP3 · AUTH=ON · AOF/RDB=OFF
Dependencies	Boost 1.90.0 / Standalone Asio 1.38.2 / OpenSSL 3.6.4
Connections	4
Payload	1 / 4 / 16 KiB
Commands per batch	1 / 4 / 16 / 64
Batches in flight per connection	1 / 4
Transport	TCP / TLS · RESP3 · ECHO
Source commit	c6cacab764e83dbd52e0cb42acd5cc534597184f
Official server source SHA-256	e4ee4ad51c2e9cb75c5fac8865d34792482a597bf3b136b42b296c9933bd31f8
Warmup / target duration / rounds	0.15 s / 1 s / 3
Workload combinations	96

Client and Valkey server run on this machine over IPv4 loopback. TLS certificate-chain and IP identity verification are enabled. Client CPU excludes the server process. Other local builds and tests were paused during measurement.

Measurement scope

Binary ECHO with every reply verified; callback API, one IO context/thread per connection. RT measures the entire pipeline batch including client queueing, not individual command latency.

CPU is client process usage with one full core at 100%; it can exceed 100% and excludes the database server. RSS is the process lifetime peak, including warmup and earlier rounds, not newly allocated memory in that round.

Every group retains at least 368 latency samples per round. Bounded sampling estimates percentiles. Local results do not establish production deployment capacity.

Command throughput

Pipeline batch RT p50

Pipeline batch RT p99

Client CPU

Client process peak RSS

Detailed results

Expand median results

Dependency / transport / mode	Payload B	Clients	Commands/batch / batches in-flight	Commands/s	Batch p50 µs	Batch p99 µs	CPU %	RSS MiB	Rounds
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	1 / 1	93,771.1	41.67	69.67	139.12	8.98	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	1 / 1	81,439.22	47.96	77.08	144.08	15.67	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	1 / 1	94,508.09	41.42	67.33	138.4	8.97	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	1 / 1	80,727.17	48.5	80.04	144.75	16.41	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	4 / 1	219,694.29	71.88	90.04	124.37	8	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	4 / 1	192,825.71	81.83	109.29	130.93	15.47	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	4 / 1	215,414.9	72.67	109.42	126.41	9.77	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	4 / 1	192,532.09	82	108.58	131.51	16.05	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	16 / 1	322,188.92	197.21	239.13	104.97	7.72	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	16 / 1	277,446.83	229.17	283.25	121.59	15.23	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	16 / 1	322,729.57	197	231.08	104.63	7.22	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	16 / 1	279,482.47	227.96	273.92	120.23	15.09	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	64 / 1	383,950.44	664.79	726.42	102	7.94	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	64 / 1	334,296.89	757.29	876.29	120.05	15.39	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	64 / 1	363,308.77	704	755.63	102.55	8.02	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	64 / 1	337,511.19	755.38	843.83	118.5	15.59	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	1 / 4	205,768.14	80.46	116.83	185.82	10.27	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	1 / 4	178,333.3	89.79	119.58	202.62	16.66	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	1 / 4	209,150.96	78.63	116.38	186.2	9.19	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	1 / 4	176,416.18	90.17	121.29	203.21	16.61	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	4 / 4	414,659.72	152.96	198.79	165.96	9.38	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	4 / 4	322,773.09	196.96	251.04	172.65	18.25	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	4 / 4	415,810.32	152.54	198.96	165.58	9.27	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	4 / 4	317,590.56	199.25	257	174.92	18.02	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	16 / 4	387,555.62	659.33	711.42	116.66	8.16	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	16 / 4	337,043.25	757.58	835.63	136.47	15.53	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	16 / 4	387,877.71	658.88	714.21	116.28	8.06	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	16 / 4	336,694.35	758.13	832.58	136.57	15.41	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	1024	4	64 / 4	408,665.38	2,500.17	2,636.67	106.94	10.09	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	1024	4	64 / 4	351,318.71	2,904.54	3,255.29	121.68	18.58	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	1024	4	64 / 4	408,466.93	2,505.21	2,597.42	109.6	10.09	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	1024	4	64 / 4	350,430.29	2,900.58	3,423.13	122.38	18.3	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	1 / 1	56,855.81	69.46	89.79	121.33	8.77	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	1 / 1	49,630.35	79.71	104.54	127.43	16.25	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	1 / 1	57,163.75	69.29	84.38	120.37	8.2	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	1 / 1	49,944.62	79.17	102.96	127.5	15.41	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	4 / 1	84,638.68	188.58	205.92	99.25	7.97	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	4 / 1	72,581.01	219.38	268.67	117.54	15.48	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	4 / 1	84,830	188.17	205.13	98.84	7.88	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	4 / 1	72,283.5	220.13	271.75	118.15	15.31	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	16 / 1	95,236.62	671.67	711.75	96.52	7.94	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	16 / 1	86,307.63	739.13	815.54	112.8	15.25	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	16 / 1	101,155.74	631.75	684.54	95.25	8.06	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	16 / 1	85,858.47	740.5	843.04	113.62	15.8	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	64 / 1	105,550.64	2,419.46	2,606.63	97.67	12.86	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	64 / 1	91,753.63	2,787.42	2,905.08	110.6	18.66	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	64 / 1	105,622.76	2,417.42	2,549.42	97.34	11.27	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	64 / 1	91,802.2	2,787.58	2,900.13	110.01	19.91	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	1 / 4	108,746.42	145.75	191.58	155.01	10.97	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	1 / 4	83,859.05	189.38	243.75	165.54	16.7	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	1 / 4	109,057.92	145.25	191.54	153.85	9.02	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	1 / 4	84,103.59	189.17	240.33	165.32	18.11	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	4 / 4	102,248.75	625.67	674.33	109.29	8.39	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	4 / 4	86,659.14	735.54	827.21	129.59	16.42	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	4 / 4	102,185.65	625.92	673.79	109.53	8.39	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	4 / 4	86,922.74	734.79	824.21	129.43	16.31	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	16 / 4	105,837.87	2,416.21	2,510.75	101.34	10.88	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	16 / 4	89,467.66	2,857.17	2,999.83	115.42	18.11	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	16 / 4	106,032.26	2,413.75	2,529.75	100.26	10.75	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	16 / 4	89,640.31	2,851.71	2,990.58	114.95	17.91	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	4096	4	64 / 4	108,015.97	9,456.88	9,720.54	97.46	19.97	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	4096	4	64 / 4	93,400.65	10,944.08	11,445.79	111.42	30.7	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	4096	4	64 / 4	107,217.61	9,512.5	9,803.96	97.22	18.91	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	4096	4	64 / 4	93,627.03	10,923.21	11,133.29	111.4	26.95	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	1 / 1	21,544.78	185.29	202.42	95.86	7.16	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	1 / 1	17,514.6	226.38	281.25	108.69	15.2	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	1 / 1	21,567.87	185.08	212.17	96.27	7.67	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	1 / 1	17,583.3	226.04	269.33	107.96	15.16	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	4 / 1	23,565.63	679.71	723.25	91	8.7	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	4 / 1	21,246.52	751.29	823.75	110.95	15.7	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	4 / 1	25,067.19	637.29	673.71	86.94	7.92	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	4 / 1	21,327.6	748.17	827.04	110.02	15.13	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	16 / 1	26,289.79	2,427.17	2,540.04	92.7	13.5	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	16 / 1	23,069.59	2,770.88	2,907.63	108.53	19.39	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	16 / 1	26,351.63	2,423.46	2,532.08	92.31	12.19	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	16 / 1	22,893.83	2,778.58	3,057.79	109.65	20.5	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	64 / 1	27,065.15	9,426.38	9,848.88	90.91	29.97	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	64 / 1	23,457.73	10,850.38	11,419.21	107.53	35.44	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	64 / 1	27,085.38	9,421.71	9,836.63	90.9	28.27	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	64 / 1	23,532.65	10,806.71	11,560.58	107.24	43.42	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	1 / 4	26,195.52	609.96	657.92	104.43	9.13	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	1 / 4	20,977.21	760.88	841.75	123.29	16.56	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	1 / 4	26,248.7	609.21	660.29	103.74	9.14	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	1 / 4	20,959.05	761.71	832.58	123.77	16.31	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	4 / 4	26,408.95	2,421.96	2,523.46	94.9	11.34	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	4 / 4	21,839.04	2,885.13	4,472.71	114.43	18.92	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	4 / 4	26,446	2,418.42	2,501.92	95.26	10.89	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	4 / 4	22,249.38	2,873.42	3,039.04	111.31	18.16	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	16 / 4	26,883.7	9,503.04	9,994.92	92.36	19.63	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	16 / 4	23,337.51	10,935.21	11,917.17	109.01	36.03	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	16 / 4	27,010.26	9,472.79	9,648.63	91.3	19.16	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	16 / 4	23,428.05	10,922.79	11,118.79	108.68	34.22	3
Boost.Asio · TCP	16384	4	64 / 4	27,187.01	37,588.08	38,191.08	92.6	65.03	3
Boost.Asio · TLS	16384	4	64 / 4	24,174.63	41,582.88	44,782.42	107.18	77.11	3
Standalone Asio · TCP	16384	4	64 / 4	27,105.86	37,615.38	38,012.92	92.02	59.58	3
Standalone Asio · TLS	16384	4	64 / 4	23,582.93	41,974.21	45,786.46	106.27	71.88	3

Reproduction and provenance

Build and run the benchmark · API usage

Download raw measurements and metadata

Raw dataset SHA-256: bce5d0926b3006f3c708208dc471301a961994d7064a2247db7340757de88453

Measured source	SHA-256
benchmarks/redis.cpp	`9de41f49ae449a1f3be1b2015d9224340a7f87f5414be7ef3e50e2148ef6cdbc`
benchmarks/resources.hpp	`d6056569c5c660e6bc22adce7a3a583d87f8b6ec514770cc7dcf16f416fc8054`
include/arknet/base/detail/deadline.hpp	`767f8456a5961a6264e7c49aef4adc3438f63d0eaf5d15793a0d24c9224d4c0d`
include/arknet/base/io_pool.hpp	`8ee8e6eae6c715c65179101de849b95c2ce16873d8e361c1b279556cf2641dc1`
include/arknet/external/asio.hpp	`910980772d975b219e001d718af75e9a70d1a30ecd73fd38073051e78b339f8a`
include/arknet/redis/client.hpp	`952d403284598bbcaeece7373459190bb2773b7c60d46bb95eb66e8b49f1f849`
include/arknet/redis/detail/resp.hpp	`7c174f9d7cdaa0a30ec65cec858714d9ef82a25dcbd4d6a0297d0fd3541b8341`
include/arknet/redis/pool.hpp	`8cf76f81a872efb477861541580f57a0bb97cb2174cd77995308a6353ae63a47`